%% Lesson 4b: Control Sequences
%
% Since it likes to play at being a general purpose programming language,
% MATLAB has control flow constructs (if, loops, etc.). Sometimes not
% everything is achievable with a linear set of instructions and vectorization,
% such as in particularly complex situations.

clear; clc; close all;

%% For loops (a review)
total=0;
for i=1:10
    total = total + i;
end
total

%% If...Else Statements
gpa = 2.3;
if gpa < 2
    fprintf('You are in DANGER!!!\n')
elseif gpa >= 2 && gpa < 3.5
    fprintf('You are safe.\n')
elseif gpa >= 3.5 && gpa < 3.7
    fprintf('Cum Laude\n')
elseif gpa >= 3.7 && gpa < 3.8
    fprintf('Magna Cum Laude\n')
elseif gpa >= 3.8 && gpa < 4
    fprintf('Summa Cum Laude\n')
else
    fprintf("invalid gpa\n")
end

%% While loop
% Iterate while a condition is true, as opposed to iterating over a vector.
total = 0;
i = 0;
while i <= 10
    total = total + i;
    i = i+1;
end
total

%% Try/catch blocks
% Try and catch allow for error handling, which can be useful when using
% user-supplied input that may be invalid. See the documentation of any
% function to see what errors it may throw.
%
% It is also a good idea for you to validate input if writing a function
% intended to be used by other people. This is very common in all MATLAB
% builtin/toolbox functions.
try
    a = [1 2; 3 4];
    b = [1 2 3 4];
    c = a*b          % can't do this! not the right dimensions!
catch err
    fprintf('Hey! Not allowed!\n');
end